The follicular unit is the name for the pore made up of the hair and oil glands. Folliculitis is inflammation of this unit. This inflammation can be caused by bacteria, parasites or viruses. A pink-red appearance is seen around the hair, sometimes accompanied by a white-yellow-green coloured bump or discharge. Mild pain, tenderness and sometimes itching may be seen. It can open up and crust over time.
Folliculitis can occur at any age, on any part of the body with hair. It's most commonly seen on the scalp, beard area, buttocks and back. Tight clothing, excessive sweating, friction, irritation, synthetic clothing and humid environments increase its occurrence. It's seen more often in overweight people, in diabetes, and in certain conditions such as Behçet's disease.
Folliculitis can heal even without treatment. However, we still recommend treatment and, where relevant, addressing any contributing factors. If neglected, the infection can deepen into a more severe condition we call a carbuncle (a boil). Chronic and recurring folliculitis can also negatively affect quality of life. In these patients, taking a culture where necessary, giving treatments targeted at the causative agent, and investigating any contributing factors should be a priority.