Impetigo is a superficial skin infection seen mainly in children but possible at any age. The causative organisms are usually bacteria called staphylococcus or streptococcus. There are two types.
Bullous impetigo
Seen more often in children under 2.
Caused by a toxin from a Staphylococcus species.
Fluid-filled blisters are seen on the arms, legs or trunk.
These can increase rapidly in number.
When the blisters burst, a thin crust forms.
Heals without scarring.
Non-bullous impetigo
Accounts for 70–80% of cases.
Small blisters are often seen around the mouth and nose.
Over time, these burst and form yellow, honey-coloured crusts.
Itching may be present.
Can spread to other parts of the body, or from person to person, through contact (such as scratching).
For this reason, hygiene of both the infected area and the hands is important.
Factors such as a moist, warm environment, poor hygiene, minor cuts and insect bites make impetigo more likely to develop. Alongside antibiotic creams, maintaining hygiene is important in treatment. If a large area of skin is affected, or if systemic symptoms such as fever and fatigue are present, oral treatment may also be needed.