“Lichen” is a dermatological term used to describe a certain type of rash seen on the skin. In fact, the word “lichen” doesn't describe a specific skin condition, but the characteristic shape of the skin lesions seen in it. The word originates from the Greek “leichen”, meaning “wound” or “rough tissue”. Its most common form, “lichen planus”, is a skin condition that presents with flat-topped, itchy, purplish bumps on the skin, and is often referred to simply as “lichen” in practice.
Symptoms
Skin: Itchy, flat, many-angled, purple-red rashes.
Mucous membranes: White lines and patches, sometimes ulcer-like sores.
Hair: Permanent hair loss and scalp scarring due to involvement around the hair.
Nails: Thinning, splitting, or vertical ridging and grooving of the nails.
Causes
The exact cause of lichen planus isn't known. It's thought to be an autoimmune reaction. Certain medications, infections (such as hepatitis C) and stress can also act as triggers.
Treatment
Treatment is symptomatic. Depending on the situation, various creams, oral medications and/or immunosuppressive medications can be used. Treatment varies depending on the severity of symptoms and which areas are affected. Managing stress and avoiding triggers is also important in reducing flare-ups of the condition.
If you have lesions on your skin that aren't clearing, or you're showing the symptoms listed above, it would be appropriate to consult a dermatologist for diagnosis, further investigation and treatment.